Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt

Twenty-fifth Egyptian family originated in the Koch-called historians Pharaohs black [1] built more than 220 Pyramid, in the city-state's wort, then invaded and took control of Egypt, under the leadership of Alara of Nubia and the kings who followed him (Kashta and Piye and Thariqa), the origin of these newbies family North Sudan, ruled northern Sudan even through southern Turkey, Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Lebanon. Cushitic family has been named the proportion of Cushitic empire that belongs to the family. Is one of the strongest and most powerful families Pharaonic empires in the world at that time with the presence of the Romanian Empire and Alvarsah.oukd Taharqa fought a war with the Persians, in which the Persians defeated Taharqa was the king of the Persians, said: "I have seen some people have not seen tough never like them."

Kushite has fought a war with the Assyrians to keep the areas of the rule of the Kingdom of Kush, the outcome was the defeat of the Ethiopians because of the fact that weapons of bronze metal which is relatively weaker than iron, which is formed from Alohwoorien weapons.

Kushite retreated to southern Egypt and northern Sudan, and began to configure a new kingdom, a kingdom strong plant. Then fought their wars against the Romans in which triumphed Kushite on rum.

Taharqa

Starting from the reign of Taharqa, was paid to the family of those kings of Nubia, in the first instance by the Assyrians, and then by the Pharaohs of the twenty sixth dynasty. Their successors Guenawa stability in Nubia, where they founded Napata (656-590 BC), then the kingdom of Meroe (590 BC - the fourth century AD).

Twenty-fifth family

Alara of Nubia 680 BC - 685 BC.

Kashta 680 BC - 707 BC.

Piye h. 752 BC - 721 BC.

Nets 721 BC - 707 BC.

Shebitku 707 BC - 690 BC.

Taharqa 690-664 BC.

Tantamani 664-656 BC. (Died 653 BC)

Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt

The Twenty-Fourth Dynasty was a short-lived group of pharaohs who had their capital at Sais in the western Nile Delta. The known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Twenty-Fourth Dynasty are as follows

Tefnakhte I 732 - 725 BC

Bakenranef (Bocchoris) 725 - 720 BC

Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt

The Twenty-third Dynasty of ancient Egypt was a separate regime of Meshwesh Libyan kings, who ruled ancient Egypt. This dynasty is often considered part of the Third Intermediate Period.

Rulers

There is much debate surrounding this dynasty, which may have been situated at Herakleopolis Magna, Hermopolis Magna, and Thebes but monuments from their reign show that they controlled Upper Egypt in parallel with the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt shortly before the death of Osorkon II. In the History of Egypt, the known rulers, for the Twenty-third Dynasty, are as follows

Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt

The Twenty-First, Twenty-Second, Twenty-Third, Twenty-Fourth and Twenty-Fifth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Third Intermediate Period.

The 22nd dynasty is also known as the Bubastite Dynasty, since the pharaohs originally ruled from the city of Bubastis. [It was founded by Shoshenq I.

The kings of the Twenty-Second Dynasty of Egypt were a series of Meshwesh Libyans who ruled from c. 943 BC until 720 BC. They had settled in Egypt since the Twentieth Dynasty. Manetho states that the dynasty originated at Bubastis, but the kings almost certainly ruled fromTanis, which was their capital and the city where their tombs have been excavated.

Another king who belongs to this group is Tutkheperre Shoshenq, whose precise position within this dynasty is currently uncertain although he is now thought to have ruled Egypt early in the 9th century BC for a short time between Osorkon I and Takelot I. The so-called Twenty-Third Dynasty was an offshoot of this dynasty perhaps based in Upper Egypt, though there is much debate concerning this issue. All of its kings reigned in Middle and Upper Egypt including the Western Desert Oases. The next ruler at Tanis after Shoshenq V was Osorkon IV but this king is not believed to be a member of the 22nd Dynasty since he only controlled a small portion of Lower Egypt together with Tefnakhte of Sais-whose authority was recognised at Memphis-and Iuput II of Leontopolis.

Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt

Twenty-first family is well known in the history of the rulers of Egypt.

Third Intermediate Period, about 1070-712 BC.

Twenty-one family 1070-664 BC. Thebes

Harihor

High Priest Pei Ankhy

High Priest Bangm

High Priest Masharda

King and priest of the biggest news of Ra

High Priest Bangm second

Twenty-one family 1070-945 BC. (Btanis)

Smendes (Hdj news that step Ra Ra) 1070-1044

Amenemnisu (Ka Nefer Ra) 1044-1040

Psusennes first (Amos news that Amon Ra step) 1040-992

Amon M Opt (USSR Maat Ra Ra that) 993-984

Osorkon older (Amos news Ra step that Ra) 984-978

Siamun (Winter Khbro The Amon Ra step) 978-959

Psusennes II (Tate Khbro Ra Ra The SAT) 959-945

Name the sentence

Smendes 1069 BC. --1 043 BC.

Amenemnisu 1043 BC. --1 039 BC.

Psusennes first 1039 BC. - 990 BC.

Amon M Opt 992 BC. - 983 BC. Osorkon older 983 BC. - 977 BC. Siamun 977 BC. - 958 BC. Psusennes second 958 BC. - 943 BC.

Twenty family

Twenty family is well known in the history of the rulers of Egypt. Eighteenth and Nineteenth and Twenty families of the rulers of ancient Egypt often combine under the name of the modern state. Twenty family founded Setnakhte But the most important kings was Ramses III, who followed his Ramses II in his reign.

Twenty family

Name the sentence

Setnakhte 1186 BC. --1 183 BC.

Ramses III in 1183 BC. --1 152 BC.

Ramses IV in 1152 BC. --1 146 BC.

Ramesses V 1146 BC. --1 142 BC.

Ramses VI in 1142 BC. --1 134 BC.

Ramses VII in 1134 BC. --1 129 BC.

Ramesses VIII in 1129 BC. --1 125 BC.

Ramesses IX in 1125 BC. --1 107 BC.

Ramesses X 1107 BC. --1 103 BC.

Ramses atheist ten in 1103 BC. --1 072 BC.

Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt

Twenty family is well known in the history of the rulers of Egypt. Eighteenth and Nineteenth and Twenty families of the rulers of ancient Egypt often combine under the name of the modern state. Twenty family founded Setnakhte But the most important kings was Ramses III, who followed his Ramses II in his reign.

Twenty family

Name the sentence

Setnakhte 1186 BC. --1 183 BC.

Ramses III in 1183 BC. --1 152 BC.

Ramses IV in 1152 BC. --1 146 BC.

Ramesses V 1146 BC. --1 142 BC.

Ramses VI in 1142 BC. --1 134 BC.

Ramses VII in 1134 BC. --1 129 BC.

Ramesses VIII in 1129 BC. --1 125 BC.

Ramesses IX in 1125 BC. --1 107 BC.

Ramesses X 1107 BC. --1 103 BC.

Ramses atheist ten in 1103 BC. --1 072 BC.

Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt

The Nineteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty XIX) was one of the periods of the Egyptian New Kingdom. Founded by Vizier Ramesses I, whom Pharaoh Horemheb chose as his successor to the throne, this dynasty is best known for its military conquests in Canaan.

The warrior kings of the early 18th Dynasty had encountered only little resistance from neighbouring kingdoms, allowing them to expand their realm of influence easily. The situation had changed radically towards the end of the 18th Dynasty. The Hittites gradually extended their influence into Syria and Canaan to become a major power in international politics, a power that both Seti I and his son Ramesses II would need to deal with.

Nineteenth Dynasty Pharaohs of Egypt

name of King	Horus (Throne) Name	date	Burial	Queen(s)
Ramesses I	Menpehtire	1292–1290 BC	KV16	Sitre
Seti I	Menmaetre	1290–1279 BC[4]	KV17	(Mut-)Tuya
Ramesses II	Usermaatre Setepenre	1279–1213 BC	KV7	Nefertari Isetnofret Maathorneferure Meritamen Bintanath Nebettawy Henutmire
Merneptah	Banenre	1213–1203 BC	KV8	Isetnofret II
Seti II	Userkheperure	1203–1197 BC	KV15	Twosret Takhat Tiaa
Amenmesse	Menmire-Setepenre	1201–1198 BC	KV10	??
Siptah	Sekhaenre / Akheperre	1197–1191 BC	KV47
Queen Twosret	Sitre-Merenamun	1191–1189 BC	KV14

Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt

The Eighteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty XVIII^] (c. 1543–1292 BC) is the best knownancient Egypt dynasty. It boasts several of Egypt's most famous pharaohs, includingTutankhamun, whose tomb was found by Howard Carter in 1922. The dynasty is also known as the Thutmosid Dynasty for the four pharaohs named Thutmosis (English: Thoth bore him).

Famous pharaohs of Dynasty XVIII include Hatshepsut (c. 1479 BC–1458 BC), longest-reigning woman-pharaoh of an indigenous dynasty, and Akhenaten (c. 1353–1336 BC), the "heretic pharaoh", with his queen, Nefertiti.

Dynasty XVIII is the first of the three dynasties of the Egyptian New Kingdom, the period in which ancient Egypt reached the peak of its power.

White Desert

White Desert is located in Egypt, 45 kilometers (30 miles) north of Farafra Oasis New Valley Governorate, about 500 kilometers from Cairo distance and has been declared a nature reserve in 2002 , called the Sahara white because they have white color, which covers most of the its parts, and a total area of 3010 square kilometers, and also owns a huge rock chalk, containing the desert on many of the formations that have been created as a result of the sandstorm cross in the region, and is the Farafra Oasis and the White Desert Location Model for the visit by some school students in Egypt , is the site for camping trips.

Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt

Seventeenth family is well-known to the Pharaohs of Egypt's history.

Seventeenth family

Name the sentence

Ra Hotep 1580 BC. --1 576 BC.

Sobek or Saf 1576 BC. --1 571 BC.

Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef 1571 BC.

Nubkheperre Intef 1571 BC.

Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef 1568 BC.

Sobekemsaf II in 1566 BC. --1 559 BC.

Seqenenre Taa first 1559 BC. --1 558 BC.

Seqenenre 1558 BC. --1 554 BC.

Kamose 1554 BC. --1 549 BC.

Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt

The Sixteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty XVI) was adynasty of pharaohs that ruled the Theban region in Upper Egypt for 70 years.

This dynasty, together with Dynasties XV and XVII, was often combined under the group title, Second Intermediate Period (c. 1650-1580 BC), a period that saw the division of Upper and Lower Egypt between the pharaohs at Thebesand the Hyksos kings of the 15th dynasty based at Avaris.

Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt

The Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Dynasties of ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Second Intermediate Period. The Fifteenth Dynasty dates approximately from 1650 to 1550 BC.

Fifteenth Dynasty

Name	Dates
Salitis
Sakir-Har	Named as an early Hyksos king on a doorjamb found atAvaris. Regnal order uncertain.
Khyan
Apophis	c. 1590? BC-1550 BC
Khamudi	c. 1550-1540 BC

Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt

At the beginning of this age of the Hyksos invasion of Egypt and began a family from 13 to 17 but it was not for these dynasties are many effects that indicate the period of their rule.

The kings of this family have Semitic names and believed to be descended from the Canaanite origins.

For illustration only Hyksos Pharaohs were not, but since the dynastic from 13 to 17 parts of Egypt came to occupy the Hyksos that has been edited to these parts at the hands of the Egyptian hero Ahmose compelling Hyksos

Pharaohs of fourteen family

Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt

At the beginning of this age of the Hyksos invasion of Egypt, starting from the thirteenth family until the seventeenth family and it was not for these dynasties are many effects that indicate the period of their rule.

The kings of this family about seventy king, was the private part of this family were kings of the most important sources of a Papyrus Turin and came to us a cut torn by the kings of the first part of this family.

It was a good city is the capital of the kings of this family.

Thirteen family

Name the sentence

Dry and 1790 BC.

Senebkay 1786 BC.

Sobekhotep III in 1745 BC.

Navarre first Hotep 1741 BC. --1 730 BC.

Sobekhotep IV 1730 BC. --1 720 BC.

Merhotepre Sobekhotep 1720 BC.

Merneferre Ay 1720 BC.

Merhotepre Ini 1720 BC. --1 718 BC.

Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt

The chronology of the 12th dynasty is the most stable of any period before the New Kingdom. The Ramses Papyrus canon (1290 BC) in Turin gives 213 years (1991–1778 BC). Manetho stated that it was based in Thebes, but from contemporary records it is clear that the first king moved its capital to a new city named "Amenemhat-itj-tawy" ("Amenemhat the Seizer of the Two Lands"), more simply called Itjtawy. The location of Itjtaway has not been found, but is thought to be near theFayyum, probably near the royal graveyards at el-Lisht. Egyptologists consider this dynasty to be the apex of the Middle Kingdom.

The order of its rulers is well known from several sources — two lists recorded at temples in Abydos and one at Saqqara, as well as Manetho's work. A recorded date during the reign of Senusret III can be correlated to the Sothic cycle consequently many events during this dynasty are frequently assigned to a year BC or BCE.

Dynasty XII pharaohs of Egypt

name of King	Horus (Throne) Name	date	Pyramid	Queen(s)
Amenemhat I	Sehetepibre	1991 BC - 1962 BC	Pyramid of Amenemhet I	Queen Neferitatjenen
Senusret I(Sesostris I)	Kheperkare	1971 BC - 1926 BC	Pyramid of Senusret I	Queen Neferu III
Amenemhat II	Nubkhaure	1929 BC - 1895 BC	White Pyramid	Queen Kaneferu Queen Keminub?
Senusret II(Sesostris II)	Khakheperre	1897 BC - 1878 BC	Pyramid atEl-Lahun	QueenKhenemetneferhedjet I Queen Neferet II Queen Itaweret? Queen Khnemet
Senusret III(Sesostris III)	Khakaure	1878 BC - 1839 BC	Pyramid atDahshur	Queen Meretseger Queen Neferthenut QueenKhnemetneferhedjet II Queen Sithathoriunet
Amenemhat III	Nimaatre	1860 BC - 1814 BC	Black Pyramid; Pyramid atHawara	Queen Aat Queen Hetepi QueenKhenemetneferhedjet III
Amenemhat IV	Maakherure	1815 BC - 1806 BC	Southern Mazghuna pyramid(conjectural)
QueenSobekneferu	Sobekkare	1806 BC - 1802 BC	Northern Mazghuna pyramid(conjectural)

Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt

Eleventh family is the eleventh of the ruling families in Pharaonic Egypt was ruled from 2134 BC to 1991 BC.

Rule Alonatfah

The first date to the Middle Kingdom begins by virtue of the first governor in good Antv named in a good and starts second date to achieve the political unity of the country where the united central authority in Egypt again in the wake of a long period of turmoil thanks to good rulers and their efforts and the most important kings is the second Montuhotep unified Egypt again .

Anewtv first 2134 - 2118 BC.

King Anewtv II 2118 - 2069 BC.

King Anewtv third 2069 - 2061 BC.

King Neb Hpt Ra - Montuhotep 2061 - 2010 BC.

King Sankh Kara - Montuhotep 2010 - 1998 BC.

King Neb Tawi Ra - Montuhotep 1998 - 1991 BC.

Tenth Dynasty of Egypt

X family are well known in the history of the kings of Egypt. Seventh and families until the tenth and eleventh ten well known as a good first transitional period.

Marie founded Ibb Ra family ninth in Hercleoboles Magna, south of Fayoum, the capital of the twentieth region in Upper Egypt. Tenth Dynasty and continued there. Egypt was at that time, non-uniform. So there is overlap between the kings of those families and local families. The following names have been identified, but the dates are uncertain.

Ninth Dynasty of Egypt

Ninth family are well known in the history of the kings of Egypt. Seventh and families until the tenth and eleventh ten well known as a good first transitional period.

Marie founded Ibb Ra family ninth in Hercleoboles Magna. Tenth Dynasty and continued there. Egypt was at that time, non-uniform. So there is overlap between the kings of those families and local families. The following names have been identified, but the dates Ir uncertain.

Seventh and Eighth Dynasties of Egypt

The Seventh and Eighth Dynasties of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasties VII and VIII) are often combined together and regroup a line of poorly known short-lived pharaohs reigning in the early 21st century BC, a troubled time referred to as the very end of the Old Kingdom or the beginning of the First Intermediate Period, depending on the scholar. The Dynasties VII and VIII ruled Egypt for approximately 20–45 years and various dates have been proposed: 2181–2160 BC,2191–2145 BC, 2150–2118 BC.

The power of the pharaohs of the 7th/8th Dynasties was waning while that of the provincial governors, known as nomarchs, was on the rise. Eventually the nomarchs of Heracleopolis Magna overthrew the 8th Dynasty and founded the9th Dynasty.

Sixth Dynasty of Egypt

The Sixth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty VI) is often combined with Dynasties III, IV and V under the group title the Old Kingdom.

Known pharaohs of the Sixth Dynasty are as follows (the absolute dates given are suggestions rather than facts, as the error margin amounts to tens of years) The pharaohs of this dynasty ruled for approximately 164 years. The Horus names and names of the Queens are taken from Dodson and Hilton.

Fifth Dynasty of Egypt

Fifth Third Egyptian family with Egyptian family be, and the fourth and Alosrhavh ancient Egyptian state. Fifth Dynasty ruled Egypt from 2345 to the year 2494 BC.

Came after the fourth family that built the Pyramids of Giza large. Most of the kings of the Fifth 

Dynasty was forced to build Ohramathm and their graves in Abu Sir south of Giza.

Fourth Dynasty of Egypt

The Fourth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notatedDynasty IV or Dynasty 4) is characterized as a "golden age" of the Old Kingdom. Dynasty IV lasted from c. 2613 to 2494 BC.^[ It was a time of peace and prosperity as well as one during which trade with other countries is documented.

Dynasties III, IV, V and VI are often combined under the group title the Old Kingdom, which often is 

described as the age of the pyramids. The capital at that time was Memphis.

Family A third Egyptian

The third family is known to the rulers of Egypt, famous for the advancement of medicine and doctors to the most senior physician Imhotep and voluptuous large Ra dentists, which is the first dentist in history. Sensual served Ra King Djoser of the Third Dynasty king of 

Third,

 fourth, fifth and sixth of households make up the old state.months.

Horus-name	Personal Name	Regnal years	Burial	Consort(s)
Netjerikhet	Djoser	19	Saqqara	Hetephernebti
Sekhemkhet	Djoserty	6	Saqqara: Buried Pyramid	Djeseretnebti
Sanakht	Nebka	9	Abydos ?
Khaba	Teti	6	Zawyet el'Aryan:Layer Pyramid
Uncertain,Qahedjet ?	Huni	24	Meidum ?	Djefatnebti Meresankh I

First Dynasty of Egypt

The first family in ancient Egypt (about 3100-2890 BC.) [1], the first dynasty of Egyptian kings who ruled Egypt consolidated (Upper and Lower Egypt), by Narmer, and represents the beginning of the Egyptian historical eras. The verdict was the center of the city at this time bend.

Age Stone copper

Is the age of the use of a metal era that follows the Neolithic Age, and ends at the beginning dynasties in ancient Egypt. In this day and age the ancient Egyptians knew metals, such as copper, bronze, gold, and these minerals made their tools and their machines and their jewelry, and was wider copper minerals prevalent, and most important Managmeh in the Sinai Peninsula. Also in this era evolved textile fabrics, wood, pottery, and built housing of milk instead of mud and reeds, and brush Balhasir made of papyrus, and made pillows. The most important characteristic of this age the appearance of some of worship, such as human reverence for some of the animals.

Age Stone Modern (Neolithic)

Dating back to 6000 or 5500 BC Having said rain and there was drought and plants disappeared in the late Paleolithic, man was forced to leave the plateau and the use of the Nile Valley (Central Delta and Fayoum, Egypt) in search of water. In this new environment, human converted to agriculture, and produced grains such as wheat, barley, and took care of domesticated animals and livestock, goats, sheep, and lived a life of stability and order and construction rather than navigate life. And learn agriculture and civilization were earlier civilizations that time. And established dwellings of mud and wood, which showed the population centers in the form of small villages, rights and took care to bury their dead in graves, as developed in this age of machinery and tools industry where accuracy and characterized by small size, also making clay pots. Featuring Neolithic transition to agriculture and stability, and the domestication of animals, and promote tools and weapons industry, housing construction and the graves, and finally pottery.

Age Stone Old East

The most important of the three stages where stone industries emerged and spread machinery industry has evolved, and through increased drought and say the rain and the spread of desert conditions, ending the civilizations of the Old Stone Age about 10,000 years BC.

Age Stone Old down

The human life in Egypt on the mountains and hills, where the harsh natural conditions govern the rights, and the means of life is limited and primitive. Where Egyptian man lived a precarious life, and move from one place to another in search of food, housing and caves and turn professional hunting animals and birds, and rely on the collection of seeds and fruits of plants and trees.

Man-made this era of stone tools, such as the knife and saw Albulth, and was a big-sized rough. The ax was the most important stone tools. At the end of this day and age a person knows how to use the fire by rubbing stones together solid strongly, helped by the discovery of fire on the development of ancient Egyptian life, so use it for cooking and lighting, and the removal of predators, and hunting animals.

The harnessing of fire was human factors that have helped to human growth and promotion of and access to modern civilization. None of the creatures that can ignite fire only human alone.

And this era in Egypt appeared before 100 000 years after Christ.

The terms of the human race in general is human control the fire. He saw that the meat of animals that eat Astadha easy cooking and exposed to fire first. So there were many sources of human food from eating plants and meat from animals, had improved sources of nutrition and easy to eat meat after cooking body Aghannsan take advantage of them. Vkbert for the human brain to the body. Rights and gained new possibilities of thinking and invention and control in the world in which he lives.

Era What Before Dynastic

Egypt in the pre-dynastic period, is Egypt in the period between the beginning of human settlement in Egypt until the beginning of the reign of families around the year 3100 BC with the reign of Mina / Narmer solutions. Since about 6 thousand years ago began an annual flooding of the Nile on the land surrounding it and along its banks, leaving behind a fertile ground and the soil is rich and has become close to the area of ​​the flood area attractive to residents as a source of water and food. In about 7000 BC, the Egyptian environment hospitable environment attractive to residents, and found traces of the stability of some residents at this time in the desert areas in Upper Egypt. And found a number of pottery in some tombs in Upper Egypt in 4000 BC back to pre-dynastic period.

And divides the pre-dynastic period into three main parts relative to the location where the archaeological materials: North sites from about 5500 there before Christmas and left traces of cultural stability but not Kmthelh in the south, and show the effects on that in about 3000 BC existed force significant political and that the factor that led to the merger of the first unified kingdom in ancient Egypt, where back to this period, the oldest hieroglyphics discovered and began to kings and rulers names appear on the effects.

13 governor was sentenced in this period was the last of Narmer in about 2950 BC, followed by the first and second families and they were about 17 king in the period between 2950 and 2647 BC, where a group of tombs which represent the beginnings of the pyramids of Saqqara and Abydos and the other during the reign of the two families built first and second....

Egypt

Another early civilization was founded by the Egyptians in the Nile River valley. The waters of the Nile, the longest river in the world, were essential to the development of ancient Egypt. Every year the river gently flooded the valley, enriching the soil with silt and minerals. This fertile black soil made it possible for the Egyptians to grow a wide variety of foods. Without the Nile River, Egypt would have been nothing more than an empty desert. If the Nile River made it possible for Egyptian to live well, it also made it possible for the rulers of Egypt to live really well. These rulers built large palaces to show off their wealth. In time the rulers became known as pharaohs. The word pharaoh means “big house.” It wasn’t enough for a pharaoh to live in a great house; he also had to be buried in one. The pharaohs used slaves to build massive tombs called pyramids. Each new pharaoh wanted a grander tomb than the last pharaoh’s. The pyramids kept getting bigger and bigger. The largest tomb, called the Great Pyramid, was built in 2530 BCE. Its base covered 13 acres. The Egyptians developed their own system of writing called hieroglyphics. This system was based on a series of pictures showing common objects such as a human eye. Later, a group of people known as the Phoenicians used pictures or symbols to represent sounds. This was the first alphabet.

The mummy of Ramses & Collectables

Abu Simple Temple

Mume Ramses ll

Ramses millitary vehicle

Chair king

Cups king

Ring king

King Ramses II

Who reigned for 67 years during the 19th dynasty of th 12th century BC, was Known as "Ramses the great" . He is Known as one of Egypt's greatest warriors, but also as a peace-maker and for the monuments he left behind all over egypt. he was the first king long years of wars and hostitlity . king ramses reigned for 67 years (1292-1225 B.C.). Under him egypt acquired unprecedented splendor. his empire from Syria to near the fouth Cataract of the Nile.

King Ramses ll was born to Queen Tuy and his father Seti l. He was given the throne at the age of about 20 and ruled for 67 years. This allowed him to be the second longest longest-ruling pharaoh. Successor to Harmhab and ruler of ancient Egypt during the XlX and XX dynastises King Ramses I was grandfather to Ramses The Great . This son of Seti who was not heir to the throne but instead upsurped it brought Egypt to unprecedented splendor during his long reign from 1225 B.C Born about 1303 B.C. in the eastern Nile Delta, Ramses The Great was known as the Warrior King and Son of Ra, the sun god . Aserious child , he was appointed co-ruler by his aging father and assumed the throne in 1297 B.C. at age 24 . According to

tradition Ramses ll was the Pharaoh of Egypt in the biblical Exodus story Married to Nefetari, whose tomb is considered the most beautiful in Egypt Ramses The Great was an ambitious builder , a successful general and a popular ruler . He was believed to have sired 100 chilren his life.

Introduction to Ancient Egypt

Egyptian civilization in its characteristic from suddenly and mysteriously emerged from prehistory around 3100 BC. although the nature of Egyption society underwent a process of slow change over the centuries many of its outward features survived into a period 300 years later when the country was ruled by greek speaking ptolmies and after them by the roman emperors most of our knowledge of ancint egypt conerns the history and culture of the egyption court that centered on a hereditary divine kingship at the head of a powerful administrative apparatus egyptologists have grouped the families of kings or pharaohs into thirty one dvnasties leading to the time of the conquest of egypt by alexander the great in 332BC. ordered rule under the old Kingdom -dynasties 3-6 - collapsed through what appears to be a social revolution in about 2280 BC. after a little more than two centuries {Dtnasties 11& 12} The second collapse beginning late in the 18th century BC, was largely due to the incursions of the asiatic Hyksos, who for a time ruled much of egypt the new kingdom was established by about 1575 BC and flourished for about 500 years {dynasties 18-20}.

A comprehensive and accurate picture of the development of Egyptian civilization is not however, as clear as the preceding chronological listing implies. To put it quite bluntly, while the hieroglyphic language of the Egyptians was deciphered by Champollion in 1822 and succeeding generations of archaeologists have done admirable work in excavating preservivng and measuring the monumental arcchitecture of the Egyptians current Egyptological {science} Knows next to nothing about the origins of Egyptian civivzation and the fundamental philosophy that underlaid it. This matter is far to comlex to deal with in this essay but a few quotes from Egyptian specialists will alert my readers to the very limited knowledg we have concerning the ancient Egyptian culture and , most particularly, its origins.

Queen Hatshepsut

TEMBLE OF HATSHEPSUT

Hatshepsut meaninng Foremost of noble ladies {1508 BC- 1458 BC } was the fifth pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasfy of ancient egypt. she is generally regarded by egyptologists as one of the most successful pharaohs reigning longer than any other woman of an indigenous Egyptian dynasty.

Although poor rcords of her reign are documented in divers ancient sources hatshepsut was described by early modern scholars as only having served as a co-regent from about 1479 to 1458 BC, during years seven to twenty-one of the reign prevously identified as that of thutmose lll today it is generlly recognized that hatshepsut assumed the position of pharaoh and the length of her reign usually is given as twenty -two years since she was assigned a reign of twenty-one years and nine months by the third-century B.C historian manetho who had access to many records that now are lost. Her death is known to have occurred in 1458 BC, which implies that she became pharaoh circa 1479 BC.

Hatshepsut`s Mummy in Egyptian Museum

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QUEEN NEFERTITI

Queen Fine

Nefertiti was the wife of the Egyptian Pharaoh amenhotep iv (later akhenaten) and mother in law of the pharaoh tutankhamun. Her name riughly translates to the beautiful one is come she also shares her name with a type of elongated gold beads that she was often portrayed as wearing known as nefer beads famed throughout the ancient world for her outstanding beauty nefertiti remains the one of the most well known queen of egypt though akhenaten had serveral wives queen nefetiti was his chief wife.

She was made famous by her painted limestone bust (above) now in berlins`s Egyptian Museum shown to the right. The bust seen from two different angles is indeed the most famous depiction of queen nefertiti found in the workshop of the famed sculptor thutmose the bust is believed to be a sculptor`s model. The technique which begins with a carved piece of limestone reqires the stone core to be first plastered and then richly painted flesh tones on the bust life.

Her full lips are enhanced by a bold red. Although the crystal inlay is missing from her left eye both eyelids and brows are outlined in black. Her graceful elongated neck balsnces the tall flat top crown which adorns her sleek head. the vibrant colors of the her necklace and crown contrast the yellow brown of her smooth skin. While everything is sculpted to perfection the one flaw of the piece is a broken left ear. Because this remains The Most beautiful woman in the world .

Nefertiti`s origins are confusing it has been suggested to me that tiy was also her mother another suggestion is that nefertiti was akhenaten`s cousin. Her wet nurse was the wife of the vizier Ay who could have been tiv`s ay sometimes called himself the god`s father suggesting

that he might have been akhenaten`s father in law. however Ay never references that nefertit`s sister mutnojme is featured prominently in the decoration of the tomb of Ay. we may never know the truth of this bloodline. perhaps they didn`t know it either.

Nefertiti joined her husband in worship of this new religiion she was a priest. supposedly it was onlythrough the combined royal pair that the full blessing god aten could be bestowed.